Here is the whole issue of Arctic & Antarctic International Journal of Circumpolar Socio-Cultural Issues Volume 13 – 2019
The Arctic & Antarctic International Journal of Circumpolar Socio-Cultural Issues
The Semantics of Roads within the Cultural Landscape of the Northern Circumpolar Latitudes: The Russian Point of View
Olga Lavenova (Institute of Scientific Information for Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences / INION RAN, Moscow)
The semantics of the words «road» and «path» are highly variable and largely universal across most cultures. Within the semiotic concept of a cultural landscape, it is important to observe how the features of the host landscape influence the formation of these concepts in the culture, and how the established cultural codes determine the meaning, aesthetic and semantic perception of roads in various landscapes. The roads of the circumpolar latitude represent a unique case in the realm of culture. While this area lacks a developed road network, winter roads are predominantly associated with the semantics of survival. Migration routes of the nomadic peoples in the circumpolar world are of major importance.This article focuses on the circumpolar roads on the territory of Russia
Human Trafficking in Latin America: Possible measures to reduce the demand
Hólmfríður Garðarsdóttir & Fjóla Dögg Hjaltadóttir (University of Iceland)
This article focuses on human trafficking in Latin America, with attention paid to human trafficking for the purposes of sexual exploitation. The aim is to evaluate two possible measures to reduce the demand for human trafficking in the region: the so-called ‘Swedish model’ and the decriminalization of prostitution. The two measures are presented and evaluated determine if they are likely to reduce demand for human trafficking in the region, and which measure would be more likely to succeed if implemented in Latin America. Both measures have previously been implemented and exist in various states, so their evaluation in this study is built upon prior research of their implementation. The study concludes that both measures could be applicable for reducing the demand for human trafficking in Latin America, but that decriminalization of prostitution would be more likely to succeed if implemented, as it better suits the Latin American context. The main influential factors contributing to these conclusions are the economic situation of the states in question along with cultural factors such as inequality, unequal gender relations and corruption.
Moravian Missions in the European Arctic during the Enlightenment: collecting, classifying and communicating knowledge (Greenland, Iceland and Lapland)
Joanna Kodzik (Freie Universität Berlin)
This article focuses on the missions and exploratory journeys of Moravian missionaries (renewed Church of the United Brethren of Herrnhut, Saxony, Germany) in the European Arctic during the Enlightenment. Their activities of observing the environment and indigenous societies, as well as collecting and classifying natural specimen and artefacts, are discussed in relation to their communication strategies about Arctic knowledge gathered during their work on stations or expeditions. Analysing mostly unpublished, hand-written sources in German from the Moravian archives in Germany, I argue that the Moravians contributed considerably to the enhancement of what the Republic of Letters knew about the Far North, its people, environment and climate, in the 18th century.